France’s National Assembly Passes Long-Awaited Bill Legalizing End-of-Life Choices for Patients

PARIS — France’s National Assembly has taken a significant step by voting to allow adults suffering from incurable illnesses to access lethal medication. The bill comes in response to increasing public demand across Europe for legal end-of-life options.

The proposal passed with 305 votes in favor and 199 against, yet it must go through the Senate before becoming law. Olivier Falorni, the bill’s general rapporteur, expressed his commitment to the cause, recalling the patients and families he has encountered over his decade-long work.

This proposed legislation not only defines assisted dying but also outlines specific conditions under which individuals can take lethal medication on their own or with assistance from healthcare professionals if they are unable to do so. Activists have raised concerns about the lengthy parliamentary process, which they argue delays necessary options for patients at the end of their lives.

In addition to the bill regarding assisted dying, another measure aimed at improving palliative care was adopted unanimously on the same day, emphasizing the importance of dignity and pain relief for patients. The criteria for patients to qualify for lethal medication include being over 18, a French citizen or resident, and diagnosed with an incurable illness that causes unbearable, untreatable pain.

Notably, individuals with severe psychiatric conditions or neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease, will not be eligible. There is considerable public support for legalizing end-of-life options in France, with a 2023 report indicating that a majority of citizens favor this change.

French citizens often travel to neighboring countries where assisted suicide and euthanasia are permitted, underscoring the need for domestic legal provisions. While President Macron views the vote as a vital step towards progress, religious leaders have voiced opposition, warning of potential pressures on vulnerable populations.

The legislation reflects a growing trend in some countries, including the Netherlands, Canada, and Australia, where assisted dying is legal under specific conditions. Amid ongoing discussions in parliament, Macron has proposed the possibility of a referendum if legislative progress stalls.